1. Part program input: You can input the part processing program into the CNC system through various methods, such as manual data input (MDI), storage card, network transmission, etc. The part program contains various instructions required for machining parts, such as machining trajectory, feed rate, spindle speed, etc.
2. Machine parameter input: In addition to the part program, various parameters of the machine tool need to be input, such as the machine coordinate system, tool parameters, and feed axis stroke limits. These parameters are crucial for ensuring the accuracy and safety of processing.

1. Instruction recognition: The CNC system decodes the input part program and recognizes various instructions in the program. For example, identifying linear interpolation commands, circular interpolation commands, spindle speed commands, etc.
2. Grammar check: During the decoding process, the CNC system also performs syntax checks on the program to ensure that its format is correct and there are no grammar errors. If errors are found in the program, the CNC system will provide corresponding error prompts for you to make modifications.

1. Tool length compensation: During the machining process, different tool lengths may lead to differences in machining depth. The CNC system can automatically adjust the machining depth based on the actual tool length used through the tool length compensation function, ensuring the accuracy of machining.
2. Tool radius compensation: For contour machining, the radius of the tool will affect the machining trajectory. The CNC system can automatically adjust the machining trajectory based on the radius of the tool through the tool radius compensation function, ensuring that the contour of the machined part meets the requirements.

1. Linear interpolation: Based on the given coordinates of two points, the CNC system calculates the linear motion trajectory of the tool between these two points. When processing linear contours, the CNC system continuously performs linear interpolation operations to control the tool to move along the linear trajectory.
2. Arc interpolation: For the machining of arc contours, the CNC system calculates the motion trajectory of the tool on the arc through arc interpolation calculation. Circular interpolation can ensure smooth and accurate contour of the processed arc.

1. Position feedback: The CNC system monitors the actual position of each coordinate axis of the machine tool in real time through position sensors (such as encoders). The position sensor feeds back the actual position information to the CNC system for position control.
2. Error calculation: The CNC system compares the actual position with the commanded position to calculate the position error. Position error reflects the deviation between the actual position of the machine tool and the commanded position.
3. Control output: Based on the position error, the CNC system calculates the control output signal to control the feed axis motor of the machine tool, gradually bringing the actual position of the machine tool closer to the commanded position. The accuracy of position control directly affects the dimensional and shape accuracy of machined parts.

1. Spindle control: The CNC system can control the speed, direction, and start stop of the spindle. During the machining process, the CNC system can adjust the spindle speed according to different machining process requirements to ensure machining quality and efficiency.
2. Tool changing control: For multi tool machining machines, the CNC system can control the automatic tool changing device to achieve automatic tool replacement. Tool change control needs to ensure the accuracy and reliability of tool change to avoid tool damage and machining accidents.
3. Cooling and lubrication control: The CNC system can control the start and stop of the cooling and lubrication system to ensure the cooling and lubrication effects during the machining process. The cooling and lubrication system can lower the machining temperature, reduce tool wear, and improve machining quality and efficiency.

1. Status display: The CNC system can display various status information of the machine tool, such as coordinate axis position, spindle speed, feed rate, tool number, etc. The status display can help you understand the real-time operation of the machine tool, so as to discover and solve problems in a timely manner.
2. Alarm display: When the machine tool malfunctions or has abnormal conditions, the CNC system will issue an alarm signal and display the corresponding alarm information. Alarm display can help you quickly locate the problem and take corresponding measures to handle it.
3. Processing process monitoring: The CNC system can monitor the processing process, such as processing time, processing progress, tool wear, etc. Process monitoring can help you grasp the processing situation, adjust processing parameters in a timely manner, and ensure processing quality and efficiency.
In short, the working process of a numerical control system is a complex process that involves the collaborative work of multiple links. Only when all aspects are running normally can high-quality parts be guaranteed to be processed.